Container Handbook - GDV
1 Introduction
1.1 The history of the container
1.2 Container flows
1.3 Maritime transport of containers
1.3.1 Container-carrying vessels
1.3.1.1 Part 1
1.3.1.2 Part 2
1.3.2 Positioning and securing of containers on board
1.3.3 Container stowage plans
1.4 Containers and insurance
1.4.1 General
1.4.2 Containers and cargo insurance
1.4.3 Containers and container & hull insurance
1.4.4 Liability of transport company
1.4.4.1 Container provided by shipper
1.4.4.2 Container provided by carrier
1.5 Responsibility for packing
2 Causes of damage/loss during transport
2.1 Loss prevention through training
2.2 Damage - risks - countermeasures
2.3 Shipping stresses - general information
2.3.1 Static mechanical shipping stresses
2.3.2 Dynamic mechanical shipping stresses
2.3.3 Mechanical stresses in maritime transport
2.3.4 Mechanical stresses in road transport
2.3.5 Mechanical stresses in rail transport
2.3.6 Mechanical stresses in inland waterway transport
2.3.7 Mechanical stresses during cargo handling
2.3.8 Climatic stresses
2.3.9 Biotic stresses
2.3.10 Chemical stresses
3 Containers - Explanation of terminology
3.1 Container design
3.1.1 Container design and types
3.1.1.1 Part 1
3.1.1.2 Part 2
3.1.1.3 Part 3
3.1.2 CSC & structural and testing regulations
3.1.3 Cargo securing equipment
3.2 Container dimensions and weights
3.3 Identification system
3.4 Size and type codes
3.5 Operational markings
3.6 Other markings
3.7 Arrangement of obligatory and optional markings
3.8 Marking of containers carrying hazardous materials
4 Loading and load securing
4.1 Packaging and marking
4.1.1 Packaging receptacles and packaging aids
4.1.2 Unitization and palletization
4.1.2.1 Part 1
4.1.2.2 Part 2
4.1.2.3 Part 3
4.1.3 Securing goods in packaging receptacles
4.1.4 Marking goods
4.1.4.1 Part 1
4.1.4.2 Part 2
4.2 Packing and stowage methods
4.2.1 Preparatory work
4.2.1.1 Selecting and checking CTUs
4.2.1.2 Before packing
4.2.1.3 Stowage planning
4.2.2 Using segregating materials
4.2.3 Dunnage
4.2.4 Basic stowage methods
4.2.4.1 Part 1
4.2.4.2 Part 2
4.2.4.3 Part 3
4.2.5 Packing rules
4.2.5.1 Part 1
4.2.5.2 Part 2
4.2.5.3 Part 3
4.2.6 Useful hints
4.2.7 On completion of packing
4.2.8 Final work in the door area
4.3 Load securing
4.3.1 General load securing methods
4.3.2 Achieving a tight fit using container components and special components
4.3.3 Achieving a tight fit by filling in gaps
4.3.4 Achieving a tight fit by bracing
4.3.5 Achieving a tight fit by lashing
4.3.6 Friction securing
4.3.7 Securing against tipping and other hazards
4.3.8 Securing by nailing
4.4 Load securing equipment
4.4.1 Lashing materials
4.4.1.1 Part 1
4.4.1.2 Part 2
4.4.1.3 Part 3
4.4.2 Wood
4.4.3 Filling material
4.4.4 "Artificial tight fit"
4.4.5 Friction and friction-enhancing mats
5 Examples of packing and securing
5.1 Containerized and modularized loads
5.2 Individual or homogeneous cargoes
5.2.1 Castings, plant and machine parts
5.2.1.1 Cylindrical plant parts in wooden cradles
5.2.1.2 Cylindrical plant parts in wooden frames
5.2.1.3 Heavy plant part on 40' flatrack
5.2.1.4 Pipe frame on 20' flatrack
5.2.1.5 Overheight, overwidth plant
5.2.1.6 Half-shells
5.2.1.7 Boilers and tanks on flatracks
5.2.1.8 Concrete pump on a flatrack
5.2.1.9 Axles on flatracks
5.2.2 Bales in box containers
5.2.3 Blocks, slabs etc.
5.2.3.1 Granite blocks on flatracks
5.2.3.2 Granite curbstones in box containers
5.2.3.3 Granite columns in box containers
5.2.3.4 Granite and marble slabs on A-frames
5.2.4 Vehicles and construction machinery
5.2.4.1 Automobiles in standard containers
5.2.4.2 Earth borer on 20' platform
5.2.4.3 Earth borer on 40' flatrack
5.2.4.4 Concrete breaker on 40' flatrack
5.2.4.5 Rail vehicle on 40' flatrack
5.2.5 Cargoes in barrels
5.2.6 Lumber cargoes
5.2.6.1 Roundwood or logs
5.2.6.2 Examples - cut and packaged lumber
5.2.7 Cable reels
5.2.7.1 Cable reels in standard containers,
winding axis horizontal and lengthwise
5.2.7.2 Cable reels on a flatrack, winding axis vertical
5.2.7.3 Overheight cable reels on a flatrack, winding axis
horizontal and crosswise
5.2.8 Cases and crates
5.2.8.1 Overwidth cases and crates, example 1
5.2.8.2 Overwidth cases and crates, example 2
5.2.8.3 Overheight cases on flatracks, example 1
5.2.8.4 Overheight cases on flatracks, example 2
5.2.8.5 Overheight cases on flatracks, example 3
5.2.8.6 Overheight cases on flatracks, example 4
5.2.8.7 Overheight and overwidth cases on flatracks, example 1
5.2.8.8 Overheight and overwidth cases on flatracks, example 2
5.2.8.9 Overheight and overwidth cases on flatracks, example 3
5.2.8.10 Overheight and overwidth cases on flatracks, example 4
5.2.8.11 Overheight and overwidth cases on flatracks, example 5
5.2.8.12 Overheight and overwidth cases on flatracks, example 6
5.2.8.13 Overheight and overwidth cases on flatracks, example 7
5.2.8.14 Overheight and overwidth cases on flatracks, example 8
5.2.8.15 Overheight and overwidth cases on flatracks, example 9
5.2.8.16 Overheight and overwidth cases on flatracks,example 10
5.2.9 Palletized cargo
5.2.10 Paper rolls
5.2.10.1 Paper rolls, vertical axis
5.2.10.2 Paper rolls, axis lying crosswise
5.2.11 Bagged cargo
5.2.11.1 Bagged cargo, unpalletized
5.2.11.2 Bagged cargo, palletized
5.2.11.3 Big Bags
5.2.12 Cartons
5.2.13 Pipes, nonmetallic
5.2.14 Steel and metal cargoes
5.2.14.1 Steel coils: general information
5.2.14.2 Coils on containers
5.2.14.3 Coils on flatracks with winding axis lying crosswise
5.2.14.4 Coils in box containers with winding axis lying lengthwise Prof. Capt. Hermann Kaps: Coils in Containers
5.2.14.5 Coils on skids, horizontal winding axis
5.2.14.6 Coils on skids, vertical winding axis
5.2.14.7 Wire rod coils with winding axis lying crosswise
5.2.14.8 Wire rod coils with winding axis lying lengthwise
5.2.14.9 Electrolytic copper coils on pallets
5.2.14.10 Round bars and profiles
5.2.14.11 Slabs - definition
5.2.14.12 Slabs - line loads
5.2.14.13 Slabs - load distribution on flatracks
5.2.14.14 Slabs - securing - lateral
5.2.14.15 Slabs - maximum securing load of lashing points
5.2.14.16 Securing with steel strapping
5.2.14.17 Slabs - maximum securing load of wire rope
5.2.14.18 Slabs - longitudinal securing by bracing
5.2.14.19 Slabs - packing into a box container
5.2.14.20 Slabs - lateral securing
5.2.14.21 Slabs - vertical securing
5.2.14.22 Slabs - load distribution in open-top containers
5.2.14.23 Slabs - securing in open-top containers
5.2.14.24 Slab-like steel parts on a flatrack
5.2.14.25 Heavy plate and sheet packages on flatracks
5.2.14.26 Sheet packages in box containers
5.2.14.27 Ingots in box containers
5.3 Primarily heterogeneous general cargoes
5.3.1 Bales/rolls
5.3.1.1 Bales, mixed cargo
5.3.1.2 Rolls
5.3.2 Receptacles, small and IBC
5.3.3 Barrel cargoes, mixed cargo
5.3.3.1 Example 1
5.3.3.2 Example 2
5.3.3.3 Example 3
5.3.3.4 Example 4
5.3.3.5 Example 5
5.3.3.6 Example 6
5.3.3.7 Example 7
5.3.4 Hazardous materials
5.3.4.1 Examples
5.3.5 Cable reels with other cargoes
5.3.6 Cases and crates with other cargoes
5.3.6.1 Example 1
5.3.6.2 Example 2
5.3.6.3 Example 3
5.3.6.4 Example 4
5.3.6.5 Example 5
5.3.6.6 Example 6
5.3.6.7 Example 7
5.3.6.8 Example 8
5.3.7 Palletized cargoes, mixed cargo
5.3.7.1 Example 1
5.3.7.2 Example 2
5.3.7.3 Example 3
5.3.8 Big Bags, mixed cargo
5.3.9 Cartons
5.3.9.1 Cartons only
5.3.9.2 Cartons, mixed cargo
5.3.9.2.1 Example 1
5.3.9.2.2 Example 2
5.3.9.2.3 Example 3
5.3.9.2.4 Example 4
5.3.9.2.5 Example 5
5.3.9.2.6 Example 6
5.3.9.2.7 Example 7
5.3.9.3 Cartons on pallets
5.3.9.3.1 Example 1
5.3.9.3.2 Example 2
5.3.9.3.3 Example 3
5.3.9.3.4 Example 4
5.3.9.3.5 Example 5
5.3.9.3.6 Example 6
5.3.9.3.7 Example 7
5.3.9.3.8 Example 8
5.3.9.3.9 Example 9
5.3.10 Steel and metal products, mixed cargo
5.3.10.1 Example 1
5.3.10.2 Example 2
5.3.10.3 Example 3
5.3.11 General cargo in open-top containers
5.3.12 Kitchens in standard containers